Costs of physical and mental comorbidities among employees: a comparison of those with and without bipolar disorder

Abstract

Employees with BPD have greater cost and utilization of services due to various mental and physical comorbidities than either employees without BPD or employees with OMD. The findings are consistent with current literature concerning the comorbidities associated with BPD, and suggest that further longitudinal and observational investigation is necessary to attempt to improve diagnosis and treatment of not only BPD, but also associated targeted diseases commonly found in employees with BPD.