2006 · 13 citations · 7 references
Natural SciencesAudiologyAcousticsAuthenticationComputational AcousticsAcoustic Signal ProcessingDigital Signal ProcessingMultimedia ForensicsSignal ProcessingWatermark DesignAudio WatermarksRobust WatermarkingRobustnessWatermark EmbeddingWatermark ExtractionWatermarkingWavelet Transform
The audio watermarking based on wavelet transform algorithm depends on embedding and extracting bits in the watermark. The original algorithm depends on the idea of determining the signal spectrum computed by detailed and approximated wavelet coefficients and by inserting the watermark in the spectrum (Vieru et al., 2003). The wavelet coefficients for the first level are determined at the beginning. Then the watermark is constructed in a binary form, having 8, 16 bytes. The watermark is added to the first detailed coefficient of high-pass filter. This paper shows new results with a modified version of the original algorithm which uses a larger set of watermark bits (8, 16, 32, 64 bytes) at higher sampling rate and a larger set of the sampled audio signals. Also the results of robustness tests for this algorithm is presented.
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Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia
Ingemar J. Cox, Joe Kilian, Frank Thomson Leighton et al. · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · 1997 · 5.3K citations
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Digital watermarks for audio signals
L. Boney, A.H. Tewfik, K.N. Hamdy · 1996 · 458 citations