IEEE Photonics Technology Letters · 2000 · 49 citations · 3 references
EngineeringElectrical EngineeringMaterials ScienceOptoelectronicsPhotonicsSemiconductor DevicesIntegrated Circuit DesignIntegrated PhotonicsOptical SourcesPhotonic Integrated CircuitsSemiconductor Device MaterialsSemiconductor LasersDevice FabricationIntegrated LasersIntegrated Semiconductor LasersPower ConversionPower Conversion EfficiencyPower EfficiencyPower OutputVertical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasers
In this paper, work is described on the fabrication of highly uniform 8/spl times/8 arrays of GaAs-AlGaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL's). Oxide-confined VCSEL arrays show an average threshold current of 0.74/spl plusmn/0.02 mA, an average output power of 2.05/spl plusmn/0.03 mW at 8 mA and an average power conversion efficiency of 14.3%. Their wavelength is measured to be 967/spl plusmn/0.35 nm over the array. In addition, we describe the alignment and integration of these device arrays with arrays of refractive microlenses to allow beam shaping typically required in system applications.
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Andrew Walker, Marc P. Y. Desmulliez, M.G. Forbes et al. · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics · 1999 · 37 citations
Engineering, Computer Engineering, Electrical Engineering +17
Roger King, Rainer Michalzik, Christian Jung et al. · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · 1998 · 23 citations