Magnetic Properties of a Single Crystal of Manganese Phosphide

Abstract

Magnetic measurements were made on a spherical single crystal of high-purity stoichiometric MnP with a vibrating-sample magnetometer which was modified to allow precise temperature control and temperature cycling from 4 to 500\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Anisotropy, saturation magnetization, and susceptibility data were obtained over this temperature range. The ferromagnetic Curie temperature was found to be 291.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Evidence is presented which shows that MnP is neither ferrimagnetic nor antiferromagnetic, as has been previously supposed. Strong ferromagnetic coupling between spins may be assumed from the fact that the $\frac{1}{\ensuremath{\chi}}$ versus $T$ curve has strong concave-up curvature above the Curie point. A magnetic transformation, not previously reported, was observed at 50\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K which may be interpreted in terms of temperature-dependent, competing antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic interactions. Below 50\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, MnP is metamagnetic, i.e., it exhibits an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition which is a function of applied field and temperature.