Physical Review · 1940 · 773 citations · 4 references
Free ParticlesEngineeringMany-body Quantum PhysicSpin SystemsGeometric QuantizationSpin DynamicSpin PhenomenonSymmetry ClassesSymmetry (Physics)Spin DynamicsQuantum EntanglementStatisticsPhysicsQuantum Field TheoryProbability TheoryStatistical ScienceFree ProbabilitySpintronicsConnection Between SpinNatural SciencesDirac OperatorFermi-dirac Statistics
In the following paper we conclude for the relativistically invariant wave equation for free particles: From postulate (I), according to which the energy must be positive, the necessity of Fermi-Dirac statistics for particles with arbitrary half-integral spin; from postulate (II), according to which observables on different space-time points with a space-like distance are commutable, the necessity of Einstein-Bose statistics for particles with arbitrary integral spin. It has been found useful to divide the quantities which are irreducible against Lorentz transformations into four symmetry classes which have a commutable multiplication like $+1,\ensuremath{-}1,+\ensuremath{\epsilon},\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ with ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}^{2}=1$.
4
On the statistical behaviour of known and unknown elementary particles
W. Pauli, Frederik J. Belinfante · Physica · 1940 · 54 citations
Engineering, Physics, Entropy +9