Effects of the Surface Characteristics of Polyhydroxyalkanoates on the Metabolic Activities and Morphology of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a newer family of biomaterials for tissue-engineering applications. The objective of this study is to investigate the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) grown on various PHA films. The surface characteristics of PHA co-polymer films were varied by the content of 3-hydroxyvalerate (HV) or 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) and by the film preparation methods such as compression-molding and solvent-casting. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was further applied to modify the surface properties of PHA membranes. As HV content increased, the crystallinity and the hydrophobicity of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) membranes decreased and the metabolic activity of hMSCs raised, although the distribution and morphology of hMSCs did not show significant variation. Hyaluronic acid (HA) coating on PHA membranes could improve the metabolic activity and reduce the death rate of hMSCs. Aggregates and spheroidal clusters of hMSCs were found on the surface of cast poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) membranes. The growth of hMSCs was remarkably influenced by various surface characteristics of the PHA films.