Three-dimensional optical circuitry using two-photon-assisted polymerization

Abstract

An approach using an as-formed solid bulk sample containing a blend of photocurable and thermally curable epoxies together with a highly efficient two-photon excitable fluorophore is demonstrated for in situ fabrication of three-dimensional optical circuitry with a precise control of dimension and spatial locations. Confocal volume images of a 1×2 splitter and a grating coupler are shown. End-fire coupling of a He–Ne laser beam into the 1×2 splitter has been achieved.