Herbivory in Crabs: Adaptations and Ecological Considerations

Abstract

Plant material is the major source of nutrition for many species of crabs in both marine and terrestrial habitats. Physical and chemical characteristics of plants can lead to difficulties in harvesting and ingestion, to low digestability, unpalatability and toxicity, and to deficiencies in specific nutrients, especially nitrogen, vitamins and fatty acids. We describe the range of herbivory in crabs, as well as the anatomical, physiological and behavioral adaptations that enhance nutrient acquisition from plant material. We assess the impact of herbivory by crabs on plant communities, and highlight topics for further research.