<i>In vitro</i>association of nematophagous fungi<i>Duddingtonia flagrans</i>(AC001),<i>Monacrosporium thaumasium</i>(NF34) and<i>Pochonia chlamydosporia</i>(VC1) to control horse cyathostomin (Nematoda: Strongylidae)

Abstract

Abstract In vitro effects of nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34) and Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC1) were evaluated against eggs and third-stage infective larvae (L3) of horse cyathostomin (Nematoda: Strongylidae). The following percentage reductions compared with the control group were observed after a 20-day exposure period: AC001, 61.6%; NF34, 66.1%; VC1, 73.2%; group AC001 + VC1, 86.8%; NF34 + VC1, 77.3%; AC001 + NF34, 92.4%. The results showed that the fungal isolates (VC1, AC001 and NF34), acting alone or in conjunction, were efficient in controlling horse cyathostomin under in vitro conditions.