Histology Proved Malpositioning of Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid in Submucosal Ureter in Patients After Failed Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux

Abstract

This is the first known study to provide a histologically proved cause of failure of endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid injections in children. Malpositioning of the material outside the submucosal ureter was identified in a high percentage of cases. Larger studies are needed to corroborate these findings.