Implantation by electrophysiologists of 100 consecutive cardioverter defibrillators with nonthoracotomy lead systems.

Abstract

(1) Electrophysiologists can implant an ICD with a nonthoracotomy lead system safely and with a high success rate; (2) use of a subcutaneous patch correlates with longer procedure durations; and (3) special precautions should be taken in patients with previous abdominal surgery.