physica status solidi (a) · 2006 · 105 citations · 17 references
Natural SciencesMaterials EngineeringMaterials ScienceMaterials ChemistryNanomaterialsNanotechnologyAmorphous MaterialsElectrode MaterialsMetal Oxide NanomaterialsMetal OxidesNanomaterial CharacterizationNanotubesAmorphous StructureElectrolyte NanomaterialsMetal Oxide NanotubesNanotube CharacterizationNanotube Growth MechanismsNanotube SynthesisOxide ElectrolytesTitanium Oxides
Abstract The influence of an annealing process on the structure and the composition of smooth high aspect ratio TiO 2 nanotube layers, grown by anodization of Ti in viscous glycerol electrolytes containing fluorides, is reported. XRD and HRTEM measurements demonstrate that the as‐formed high aspect ratio TiO 2 nanotubes have an amorphous structure that can be entirely transformed to single phase – anatase – upon thermal annealing at 450 °C for 3 hours. XPS and EDX analyses furthermore show that annealing process is accompanied with an elimination of fluoride ions (present in the structure after formation). (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode
Akira Fujishima, Kenichi Honda · Nature · 1972 · 33.7K citations