Inhibition of Cellular Immune Responses to Encapsulated Porcine Islet Xenografts by Simultaneous Blockade of Two Different Costimulatory Pathways

Abstract

When two different pathways of T cell costimulation were blocked, T cell-dependent inflammatory responses were inhibited, and survival of encapsulated islet xenografts was significantly prolonged. These findings suggest synergy between encapsulation of donor islets and simultaneous blockade of two host costimulatory pathways in prolonging xenoislet transplant survival.