Ultraviolet photon absorption in single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes and peapods: Heating-induced phonon line broadening, wall coupling, and transformation

Abstract

Ultraviolet photon absorption has been used to heat single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes and peapods in vacuum. By increasing the laser intensity up to $500\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mW}$, a downshift and a broadening of the optical phonons are observed corresponding to a temperature of $1000\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$. The UV Raman measurements are free of blackbody radiation. We find that the linewidth changes for the ${G}_{+}$ and ${G}_{\ensuremath{-}}$ bands differ considerably in single-wall carbon nanotubes. This gives evidence that the phonon decay process is different in axial and radial tube directions. We observe the same intrinsic linewidths of graphite (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite) for the $G$ band in single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes. With increasing temperature, the interaction between the walls is modified for double-wall carbon nanotubes. Ultraviolet photon induced transformations of peapods are found to be different on silica and diamond substrates.