Multiple sodium channel isoforms and mitogen‐activated protein kinases are present in painful human neuromas

Abstract

These results demonstrate that multiple sodium channel isoforms (Nav1.3, Nav1.7, and Nav1.8), as well as activated p38 and ERK1/2 MAP kinases, are expressed in painful human neuromas, indicating that these molecules merit study as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of pain associated with traumatic neuromas.