Experimental Determination of the Melting Point and Heat Capacity for a Free Cluster of 139 Sodium Atoms

Abstract

The heat capacity of a free cluster has been determined from the temperature dependence of its photofragmentation mass spectrum. The data for the spherical sodium cluster ${\mathrm{Na}}_{N}^{+}$, with $N\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}139$, show a maximum at 267 K, which is interpreted as the solid-to-liquid phase transition in this finite system. The melting point lies 104 K, or 28% lower than that of bulk sodium. The latent heat of fusion is reduced by 46%.