Emergency embolization of actively bleeding renal angiomyolipoma in a patient of tuberous sclerosis

Abstract

Renal angiomyolipoma is a benign hamartomatous lesion which contains varying proportions of abnormal blood vessels along with muscle and fat component. Tuberous sclerosis predisposes to angiomyolipoma, and when associated, the lesion is often large with increased risk of hemorrhage and complications. When this occurs, transarterial embolization and surgery are the treatment options. Such a patient presented to us with acute onset of symptoms, and on account of severe anemia with active bleeding, transarterial embolization was performed. This was followed by elective nephrectomy without any complications. We present the imaging aspects of tuberous sclerosis and emphasize role of interventional radiology in this case.