Quantitative Finance · 2008 · 107 citations · 51 references
BusinessFinanceMathematicsAsset PricingFinancial EconomicsQuantitative FinanceImplied VolatilityOption PricingOption Pricing ModelsStock OptionsVolatility AnalysisVolatility ModelingEquity Option Implied VolatilityEquity Return VolatilityImplied Volatility EstimationImplied Volatility ModelingIndex Option Implied VolatilityOption Pricing ValuationReturn On EquityStock Index Options
This paper provides an industry standard on how to quantify the shape of the implied volatility smirk in the equity index options market. Our local expansion method uses a second-order polynomial to describe the implied volatility–moneyness function and relates the coefficients of the polynomial to the properties of the implied risk-neutral distribution of the equity index return. We present a formal, two-way representation of the link between the level, slope and curvature of the implied volatility smirk and the risk-neutral standard deviation, skewness and excess kurtosis. We then propose a new semi-analytical method to calibrate option-pricing models based on the quantified implied volatility smirk, and investigate the applicability of two option-pricing models.
51
The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities
Fischer Black, Myron S. Scholes · Journal of Political Economy · 1973 · 29.4K citations
Option pricing when underlying stock returns are discontinuous
Robert C. Merton · Journal of Financial Economics · 1976 · 6.1K citations · Full text
Business, Finance, Asset Pricing +16