SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium · 1986 · 58 citations · 10 references
Natural SciencesEarth SciencesPetroleum EngineeringEnhanced Oil RecoveryInorganic ChemistryMineralogyAlkaline FloodingCarbonate MineralogyCarbonate MineralsChemical FloodingSoil AlkalinityAlkali ConsumptionAlkali FloodingAlkalinity ConsumptionFloodingMineral DissolutionMineral Dissolution MechanismsPrecipitatesTertiary Recovery Performance
ABSTRACT Chemical consumption under alkaline flooding conditions can be significantly decreased with the use of Na2CO3. We have found significantly lower ion exchange and mineral dissolution in the presence of Na2CO3 as compared to caustic and silicate. These results are based on laboratory studies with alkaline solutions in the presence of Wilmington sand, Ottawa sand and dolomite. Furthermore, Na2CO3 offers an additional advantage upon contact with hard water. The resulting carbonate precipitates do not adversely effect permeability as compared to the precipitates of the hydroxides or the silicates. It is therefore suggested that the use of Na2CO3 for alkaline flooding will result in shorter alkali breakthrough times and increased tertiary oil recovery.
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Cosurfactant-Enhanced Alkaline Flooding
Richard C. Nelson, J. B. Lawson, D. R. Thigpen et al. · SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium · 1984 · 217 citations