Remote sensing of Australian wetlands: An evaluation of Landsat TM data for inventory and classification

Abstract

This study aimed to develop simple remote-sensing techniques suitable for mapping and monitoring wetlands, using Landsat TM imagery of inland wetland sites in Victoria and New South Wales. A range of classification methods was examined in attempts to map the location and extent of wetlands and their vegetation types. Multi-temporal imagery (winter/spring and summer) was used to display seasonal variability in water regime and vegetation status. Simple density slicing of the mid-infrared band (TM5) from imagery taken during wet conditions was useful for mapping the location and extent of inundated areas. None of the classification methods tested reproduced field maps of dominant vegetation species; however, density slicing of multi-temporal imagery produced classes based on seasonal variation in water regime and vegetation status that are useful for reconnaissance mapping and for examining variability in previously mapped units. Satellite imagery is unlikely to replace aerial photography for detailed mapping of wetland vegetation types, particularly where ecological gradients are steep, as in many riverine systems. However, it has much to offer in monitoring changes in water regime and in reconnaissance mapping at regional scales.