Diffuse Bone Marrow Accumulation of FDG in a Patient With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Mimics Hematopoietic Cytokine-Mediated FDG Uptake on Positron Emission Tomography

Abstract

It is well known that bone marrow stimulants such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can cause diffuse and increased FDG accumulation in bone marrow on positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Therefore, diffuse bone marrow FDG uptake is commonly attributable to the effect of hematopoietic cytokines. However, diffuse bone marrow FDG uptake can also be caused by other etiologies. We report a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia who had images similar to hematopoietic cytokine-mediated FDG bone marrow uptake.