Opportunities and Challenges of Vehicle-to-Home, Vehicle-to-Vehicle, and Vehicle-to-Grid Technologies

TLDR

Electric vehicles are seen as a key means to cut oil use and emissions, and when connected to the power grid as gridable EVs, they are expected to have a significant societal impact. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges of connecting gridable EVs through vehicle‑to‑home, vehicle‑to‑vehicle, and vehicle‑to‑grid technologies, offering methodologies, approaches, and foresights for these emerging systems.

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are regarded as one of the most effective tools to reduce the oil demands and gas emissions. And they are welcome in the near future for general road transportation. When EVs are connected to the power grid for charging and/or discharging, they become gridable EVs (GEVs). These GEVs will bring a great impact to our society and thus human life. This paper investigates and discusses the opportunities and challenges of GEVs connecting with the grid, namely, the vehicle-to-home (V2H), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies. The key is to provide the methodologies, approaches, and foresights for the emerging technologies of V2H, V2V, and V2G.