Concentration effects in the nucleophilic reactions of tertiary amines in aqueous solutions. Alkylation of amines with ethylene chlorohydrin

Abstract

During the alkylation of tertiary amines with ethylene chlorohydrin in aqueous solutions, the initial rates and degrees of conversion attained within control periods of time showed nonstandard dependences on the initial concentrations of reagents. The character of the concentration dependences depended on the structure of the hydrocarbon fragments and the available sets of functional groups in amines. On the basis of our results and viscosimetric data for the model systems, we assumed that these effects were due to pre-reaction association involving the reagents and products.