Rupture of rubber. I. Characteristic energy for tearing

Abstract

Abstract A criterion for tearing of test‐pieces cut from thin sheets of a natural rubber vulcanizate, similar in form to the Griffith criterion for spreading of a crack, is formulated. This criterion involves a characteristic energy for tearing which is independent of the shape of the test‐piece and of the disposition of the cut. It is shown how this characteristic energy can be found experimentally for a particular vulcanizate and used to predict the force required to tear test‐pieces of the vulcanizate.