1c:I[419806,["/_next/static/chunks/bb923814e1f4d2e9.js","/_next/static/chunks/dd3ee9f5b7716ca6.js","/_next/static/chunks/4204a0ae82542ca8.js","/_next/static/chunks/1270dead247da766.js","/_next/static/chunks/6e1aa89a642f40be.js","/_next/static/chunks/2d7aa753e81324a8.js","/_next/static/chunks/8ffd0b71567920d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/67ea6dfd21f16c5f.js","/_next/static/chunks/24eb4379f68013fd.js","/_next/static/chunks/b8cd775ffdf935bd.js","/_next/static/chunks/983103cd9eb7b428.js","/_next/static/chunks/263f2cdcb9aa2341.js","/_next/static/chunks/294b9525248c8e5f.js"],"default"] 1d:T532,A blood reservoir is an organ or region containing a significant portion of the blood volume that can be mobilized by the sympathetic nervous system to subserve overall cardiovascular homeostasis. To be effective, the reservoir must be as insensitive as possible to the passive effects of changes in flows or external pressures. Evidence is presented that the splanchnic venous bed fulfills these criteria. Hepatic venous resistance maintains portal pressure and intrinsic hepatic arterial mechanisms maintain total hepatic flow. These mechanisms minimize passive effects of portal flow changes on splanchnic blood volume, whereas enclosure of the liver in the peritoneal cavity minimizes effects of external pressures. Up to 27% of total blood volume can be mobilized from the splanchnic venous bed by sympathetic stimulation. Maintenance of cardiac preload depends on the ability of the central nervous system to control venous compliance and hence to redistribute blood volume between peripheral organs and the cardiopulmonary compartment. Three examples of the role of the splanchnic blood reservoir in overall homeostasis are discussed: hemorrhage, splanchnic nerve stimulation, and responses to epinephrine. Reflex and central control of the splanchnic blood reservoir are discussed but available information is fragmentary.1e:T435,Vasopressin injection (pitressin®) has become widely accepted as a useful aid in roentgen visualization of the gallbladder. Through its ability to increase peristalsis, vasopressin injection results in rapid expulsion of gas from the intestine, thus removing obscuring gas shadows. The drug may cause only transient and minor toxic reactions. Collins and Root¹recognized three contraindications: coronary heart disease, hypertension and hypotension (systolic blood pressure under 100). Kirklin²in reporting on the use of vasopressin injection in 100 cases, noted no serious ill effects although numerous minor reactions were observed, the most frequent being pallor. Recently, Mills and co-workers³directed attention to the possibility of serious myocardial effects of the drug. We observed two cardiac accidents following vasopressin injection during cholecystography. On the basis of generally accepted principles governing its use, no contraindication to the use of the drug was evident in these cases.

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