Personality–relationship transaction in young adulthood.

TLDR

The study discusses implications for the transactional view of personality in young adulthood. The authors longitudinally assessed personality and social relationships in 489 German young adults over four years. They found that personality maturation is moderated by partnership status, and that personality traits better predict changes in social relationships than vice versa, with specific traits influencing relationship quality and vice versa.

Abstract

Personality and social relationships were assessed twice across a 4-year period in a general population sample of 489 German young adults. Two kinds of personality-relationship transaction were observed. First, mean-level change in personality toward maturity (e.g., increase in Conscientiousness and decrease in Neuroticism) was moderated by the transition to partnership but was independent of other developmental transitions. Second, individual differences in personality traits predicted social relationships much better than vice versa. Specifically, once initial correlations were controlled for, Extraversion, Shyness, Neuroticism, self-esteem, and Agreeableness predicted change in various qualities of relationships (especially with friends and colleagues), whereas only quality of relationships with preschool children predicted later Extraversion and Neuroticism. Consequences for the transactional view of personality in young adulthood are discussed.