A Correlation of Clinical and Hemodynamic Studies in Patients with Mild and Severe Anemia with and without Congestive Failure

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Article1 April 1963A Correlation of Clinical and Hemodynamic Studies in Patients with Mild and Severe Anemia with and without Congestive FailureJOHN S. GRAETTINGER, M.D., F.A.C.P., ROBERT L. PARSONS, M.D., JAMES A. CAMPBELL, M.D., F.A.C.P.JOHN S. GRAETTINGER, M.D., F.A.C.P., ROBERT L. PARSONS, M.D., JAMES A. CAMPBELL, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-617 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCastle and Minot emphasized in 1936 that anemic patients "may show, while at complete rest, very little discomfort from a reduction of the red blood cells and hemoglobin values to about one-fifth of normal" (1). Blumgart and Altschule, in a major compilation of the data concerning the adjustments of the cardiovascular system to chronic anemia (2), emphasized that the bulk of the data available were obtained from patients in the basal state. The presently available hemodynamic data (3-7), with few exceptions (8-10), have been measured in resting patients, and it has been widely accepted since the work of Brannon, Merrill,...References1. CASTLEMINOT WBGR: Pathological Physiology and Clinical Description of the Anemias, Oxford University Press, New York, 1936, p. 2. Google Scholar2. BLUMGARTALTSCHULE HDMD: Clinical significance of cardiac and respiratory adjustments in chronic anemia. Blood 3: 329, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SHARPEY-SCHAFER EP: Cardiac output in severe anemia. Clin. Sci. 5: 125, 1944. Google Scholar4. BRANNONMERRILLWARRENSTEAD ESAJJVEA: The cardiac output in patients with chronic anemia as measured by the technique of right atrial catheterization. J. Clin. Invest. 24: 332, 1945. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. NIELSEN HE: The circulation in anemic conditions. Acta Med. Scand. 81: 571, 1934. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. LILJESTRANDSTENSTROM GN: Clinical studies on the work of the heart during rest. II. The influence of variations in the haemoglobin content on the blood flow. Acta Med. Scand. 63: 130, 1925. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. STEWARTCRANEDEITRICK HJHFJE: Studies of the circulation in pernicious anemia. J. Clin. Invest. 16: 431, 1937. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. LEIGHTSNIDERCLIFFORDHELLEMS LTHGOHK: Hemodynamic studies in sickle cell anemia. Circulation 10: 653, 1954. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. BISHOPDONALDWADE JMKWOL: Circulatory dynamics at rest and on exercise in the hyperkinetic states. Clin. Sci. 14: 329, 1955. MedlineGoogle Scholar10. SPROULEMITCHELLMILLER BJJHWF: Cardiopulmonary physiological responses to heavy exercise in patients with anemia. J. Clin. Invest. 39: 378, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. GRAETTINGERMUENSTERSELVERSTONECAMPBELL JSJJLAJA: A correlation of clinical and hemodynamic studies in patients with hyperthyroidism with and without congestive failure. J. Clin. Invest. 38: 1316, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. HUCKABEE WE: Relationships of pyruvate and lactate during anaerobic metabolism. II. Exercise and formation of O2-debt. J. Clin. Invest. 37: 255, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. MENDLOWITZ M: The effect of anemia and polycythemia on digital intravascular blood viscosity. J. Clin. Invest. 27: 565, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar14. LEVY MN: The influence of erythrocyte concentration upon the pressure-flow relationships in the dog's hind limb. Circ. Res. 1: 247, 1953. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar15. RICHARDSONGUYTON TQAC: Effects of polycythemia and anemia on cardiac output and other circulatory factors. Amer. J. Physiol. 197: 1167, 1959. CrossrefGoogle Scholar16. SUNAHARABECK FAL: Cardiovascular effects of acutely produced anemia in the normal dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 176: 193, 1954. Google Scholar17. MUENSTERGRAETTINGERCAMPBELL JJJSJA: Correlation of clinical and hemodynamic findings in patients with systemic arteriovenous fistulas. Circulation 20: 1079, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar18. CAMPBELLSELVERSTONEDONOVAN JALADL: Studies on the high output cardiac failure of occidental beri-beri. J. Clin. Invest. 30: 632, 1951. Google Scholar19. GRAETTINGERCAMPBELL JSJA: The hemodynamic common denominators of the syndrome of chronic congestive failure. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 54: 819, 1959 (abstract). Google Scholar20. SAMETFRITTSFISHMANCOURNAND PHWAFA: The blood volume in heart disease. Medicine 36: 211, 1957. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar21. GIBSONHARRISSWIGERT JSAWVW: Clinical studies of the blood volume. VIII. Macrocytic and hypochromic anemias due to chronic blood loss, hemolysis and miscellaneous causes, and polycythemia vera. J. Clin. Invest. 18: 621, 1939. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar22. GREGERSONRAWSON MIRA: Blood volume. Physiol. Rev. 39: 307, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar23. SHARPEY-SCHAFER EP: Transfusion and the anaemic heart. Lancet 2: 296, 1945. CrossrefGoogle Scholar24. EICHNAFARBERBERGERRADERSMITHALBERT LWSJARBWWRE: Non-cardiac circulatory congestion simulating congestive heart failure. Trans. Ass. Amer. Physicians 66: 72, 1954. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, IllinoisFrom the Section of Cardio-Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital, Chicago, and the Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.This work was supported in part by grants from the United States Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health (H-404 and H-5579), and by the Schweppe Foundation.Dr. Parsons was a Schweppe Fellow in Cardiology, 1959-1960.Requests for reprints should be addressed to John S. Graettinger, M.D., 1753 West Congress Parkway, Chicago 12, Illinois. 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HURWICH, M.D.Hypertension in Chronic Renal FailureCardiovascular effects of anemiaMyocardial anaerobiosis in anemia in ur?mic manHemodynamics of Uremic AnemiaObservations on Major Circulatory Problems in Severe Anaemia in PregnancyUncommon or commonly unrecognized causes of heart failureHyperthyroidism as a high cardiac output stateHemodynamic Studies in Chronic UremiaThe Hemodynamic Response to Chronic AnemiaChest Pain in the Surgical PatientCirculatory haemodynamics after blood transfusion in chronic severe anaemia.Hemodynamic Effects of Blood Transfusion in Chronic AnemiaDextran-exchange anemia and reduction in blood viscosity in the heart-lung preparation 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 617-626KeywordsAnemiaHemodynamicsHemoglobinHospital medicineMedical servicesRed blood cellsResearch design Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...