Functional Expression of HGF and HGF Receptor/c‐met in Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suggests a Role in Cell Mobilization, Tissue Repair, and Wound Healing

TLDR

Human mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent, expandable adult stem cells with therapeutic potential, yet the signals guiding their mobilization and tissue migration remain largely unknown. We found that hMSCs express hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor, and that HGF promotes chemotactic migration (but not proliferation) while being downregulated by TGF‑β, suggesting the HGF/c‑met axis recruits hMSCs to regeneration sites and could be harnessed for tissue engineering.

Abstract

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) are adult stem cells with multipotent capacities. The ability of mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into many cell types, as well as their high ex vivo expansion potential, makes these cells an attractive therapeutic tool for cell transplantation and tissue engineering. hMSC are thought to contribute to tissue regeneration, but the signals governing their mobilization, diapedesis into the bloodstream, and migration into the target tissue are largely unknown. Here we report that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the cognate receptor HGFR/c-met are expressed in hMSC, on both the RNA and the protein levels. The expression of HGF was downregulated by transforming growth factor beta. HGF stimulated chemotactic migration but not proliferation of hMSC. Therefore the HGF/c-met signaling system may have an important role in hMSC recruitment sites of tissue regeneration. The controlled regulation of HGF/c-met expression may be beneficial in tissue engineering and cell therapy employing hMSC.