Modeling otoacoustic emission and hearing threshold fine structures

TLDR

The models are grounded in wave reflections from distributed cochlear inhomogeneities and broad activity patterns. The study presents a class of cochlear models that explain the frequency‑dependent fine structure of otoacoustic emissions and hearing thresholds. The models employ solutions of the cochlear wave equation—apical and basal moving basis functions—to analyze wave reflections in the absence of inhomogeneities. The models successfully reproduce the quasiperiodic frequency variations (≈0.4 bark spacing) of hearing thresholds, spontaneous, synchronous, click‑evoked, and distortion‑product emissions, and predict the relationships among these fine structures, including the distortion‑product emission filter shape. Acoust.

Abstract

A class of cochlear models which account for much of the characteristic variation with frequency of human otoacoustic emissions and hearing threshold microstructure is presented. The models are based upon wave reflections via distributed spatial cochlear inhomogeneities and tall and broad cochlear activity patterns, as suggested by Zweig and Shera [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 98, 2018–2047 (1995)]. They successfully describe in particular the following features: (1) the characteristic quasiperiodic frequency variations (fine structures) of the hearing threshold, synchronous and click-evoked emissions, distortion-product emissions, and spontaneous emissions; (2) the relationships between these fine structures; and (3) the distortion product emission filter shape. All of the characteristic frequency spacings are approximately the same (0.4 bark) and are mainly determined by the phase behavior of the apical reflection function. The frequency spacings for spontaneous emissions and threshold microstructure are predicted to be the same, but some deviations from these values are predicted for synchronous and click-evoked and distortion-product emissions. The analysis of models is aided considerably by the use of the solutions of apical, and basal, moving solutions (basis functions) of the cochlear wave equation in the absence of inhomogeneities.