Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas Systems: Engineering the Algorithms

TLDR

Recent advances in artificial pancreas development, including insights into altered glucoregulatory physiology in type 1 diabetes, are outlined in this two‑part Bench to Clinic narrative. The study compares and evaluates artificial pancreas technology, outlining design objectives, variables, and challenges to accelerate outpatient trials and eventual widespread approval. The authors enumerate design objectives, variables, and challenges in AP development, discussing recent clinical advancements. Effective integration of engineering and medicine brings automated glucose regulation closer to reality, and systematic results presentation will accelerate adoption of AP as standard therapy for type 1 diabetes.

Abstract

In this two-part Bench to Clinic narrative, recent advances in both the preclinical and clinical aspects of artificial pancreas (AP) development are described. In the preceding Bench narrative, Kudva and colleagues provide an in-depth understanding of the modified glucoregulatory physiology of type 1 diabetes that will help refine future AP algorithms. In the Clinic narrative presented here, we compare and evaluate AP technology to gain further momentum toward outpatient trials and eventual approval for widespread use. We enumerate the design objectives, variables, and challenges involved in AP development, concluding with a discussion of recent clinical advancements. Thanks to the effective integration of engineering and medicine, the dream of automated glucose regulation is nearing reality. Consistent and methodical presentation of results will accelerate this success, allowing head-to-head comparisons that will facilitate adoption of the AP as a standard therapy for type 1 diabetes.