Competition Among Old-Field Perennials at Different Levels of Soil Fertility and Available Space

Abstract

Competitive effects and responses to neighbours were examined by growing plants of three species (Achillea millefolium, Dactylis glomerata and Vicia cracca) singly and in intra- and interspecific pairs at low and at moderate substrate fertility. The effects of neighbours were distinguished from the effects of a reduction in available space by growing plants across a range of pot sizes. Focal plants were affected by a simple reduction in available space differently than by the presence of competing neighbours (...)