Noninvasive and minimally invasive papillary carcinomas of the extrahepatic bile ducts

Abstract

Noninvasive and minimally invasive papillary carcinomas of the EBD are associated with excellent long term prognosis regardless of their cytologic features or their immunohistochemical reactivity to p53 and MIB-1. These tumors should be distinguished from biliary papillomatosis, intraductal papillary mucinous carcinomas of the pancreas extending into the bile ducts, papillary adenomas, and papillary hyperplasia.