‘Hirsutism’: A Psychological Analysis

Abstract

Hirsutism, i.e. 'excess' body hair in the 'male' distribution, is a medical term applied only to women. Although associated with social and psychological difficulties including anxiety, social avoidance and a confusion of gender identity and although it raises important gender issues, there has been little systematic study. No prior research has focussed on the relationship between women's perceived degree of hirsutism and psychological distress. A survey of 53 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which often produces 'excess' hair growth, was carried out to assess any psychological consequences of perceived hirsutism. Results indicated raised levels of psychological distress overall, but no significant relationships between perceived hirsutism and distress. Four semi-structured interviews were then conducted to facilitate more in-depth exploration of hirsute women's experience. Analysis suggested idealized cultural norms for hair growth prevail and excess hair growth contributes to gender inconsistencies and feelings of deviance and stigma. Effective concealment of hair growth and 'passing' for normal appear to facilitate relatively high levels of functioning and allows idealized cultural norms to be maintained.