Salt Effects on Liquid−Liquid Equilibrium in Water + Ethanol + Alcohol + Salt Systems

Abstract

Liquid−liquid equilibrium data for the quaternary system (water + ethanol + alcohol + salt) were measured at 25 °C and 40 °C. The alcohols were 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, and 3-methyl-1-butanol. The salts were sodium chloride, sodium acetate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, and potassium bromide. The results were compared with experimental liquid−liquid equilibrium data for the ternary, salt-free systems, both from the literature and determined in this work. In this way, the salt effect could be evaluated.