Punishment, arousal, and avoidance learning in sociopaths.

A study of anxiety in the sociopathic personality.

David T. Lykken · Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology · 1957 · 1.2K citations

Social Sciences, Psychology, Social Psychology +8

A stimulus-response analysis of anxiety and its role as a reinforcing agent.

O. Hobart Mowrer · Psychological Review · 1939 · 732 citations

Public Health, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +14

Studies of fear as an acquirable drive: I. Fear as motivation and fear-reduction as reinforcement in the learning of new responses.

Neal E. Miller · Journal of Experimental Psychology · 1948 · 537 citations

Public Health, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +12

The psychopath: An essay on the criminal mind.

William Maxwell McCord, Joan McCord · 1964 · 507 citations

Social Sciences, Psychiatry, Psychology +8

The psychological significance of the concept of "arousal" or "activation."

Elizabeth Duffy · Psychological Review · 1957 · 493 citations

Social Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +12