Instillation of Skin, Nephrostomy Tract, and Renal Puncture Site with Ropivacaine Decreases Pain and Improves Ventilatory Function after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Abstract

A decrease in PEF indicating restricted ventilation appears early after PCNL. Because these patients were chosen carefully to have normal function preoperatively, this decrease was attributed to nociception. A combination of ropivacaine instillation with metamizol decreases pain and analgesic use and improves PEF more than use of metamizol alone. Such a multimodal pain-management strategy is effective in minimizing postoperative opioid use with proper pain management, resulting in better ventilation.