Complex Shape Evolution of Electromigration-Driven Single-Layer Islands

Abstract

The shape evolution of two-dimensional islands through periphery diffusion biased by an electromigration force is studied numerically using a continuum approach. We show that the introduction of crystal anisotropy in the mobility of edge atoms induces a rich variety of migration modes, which include oscillatory and irregular behavior. A phase diagram in the plane of anisotropy strength and island size is constructed. The oscillatory motion can be understood in terms of stable facets that develop on one side of the island, and which the island then slides past. The facet orientations are determined analytically.