Prevention of Virus B Hepatitis (SH Hepatitis)

Abstract

Traditional preventive measures against virus B hepatitis (SH, MS-2), new measures based on the detection of the Australia (Au) antigen, and some recent attempts at active and passive immunization against Au antigen will be discussed. <h3>Traditional Preventive Measures</h3> Traditional preventive measures are directed toward reducing contamination. Whole blood, red blood cell, and platelet concentrates, and especially plasma and certain derivatives of plasma, such as fibrinogen and cryoconcentrates are potential sources of contamination. Human plasma fraction (PPSB)¹appears to be less susceptible to contamination than other preparations among prothrombin complex and factor IX concentrates. The size of the pool is important for plasma and derivatives. Equipment for injection should be disposable. Needles, scalpels, if reused, and dental instruments should be sterilized with prolonged boiling or autoclaving. Sodium hypochloride, β-propiolactone, and ultraviolet light are usually used for disinfection. Crowding and poor sanitary conditions favor contamination since virus B may be transmitted