Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Caffeine in Preterm Neonates: An Unnecessary Exercise?

Abstract

A majority of preterm neonates attain plasma caffeine levels between 5 and 20 mg/L, independent of gestation. This observation held even for the small number of subjects with elevated blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, or liver enzyme levels. Therapeutic drug monitoring is not necessary when caffeine is used for the treatment of apnea of prematurity in neonates.