Acoustic Behaviour of Insects: An Evolutionary Perspective

Abstract

Part 1 Sound questions and acoustic behaviour: alternative behaviours male spacing behaviour mate finding in females size and reproductive success selection on the calling behaviour of insects natural and sexual selection. Part 2 Acoustic strategies in aggregations: calling and co-operating leks and sprees sites for aggregations more numbers more power are females attracted to choruses? group songs and species distinctiveness - individuality in a group male agonistic behaviour with minimum contact. Part 3 Chorusing and alternating behaviour: synchrony within the chorus asynchronous choruses calling and listening crepitation alternation. Part 4 A question of sound: sound a working definition measuring sound near-field sound communication frequency and loudness control measuring substrate vibrations amplifiers and baffles noise. Part 5 Producing sound: using near-field sounds substrate-borne vibration airborne sounds. Part 6 Listening and recognizing: collecting information the mechanoreceptor the locust ears of crickets and bushcrickets moth ears the cicada car strange ears - lacewings, beetles, mantises and bugs. Part 7 Mate recognition: species specific signals homogamy unique species songs the recognition of non-like calling and courtship songs signal stability female songs and species recognition. Part 8 Sound patterns: variations and stereotypes the central control of the output feedback control linking input to output the input signal recognition central recognition song gaps and species recognition in grasshoppers. Part 9 Sound localization and distance perception: directionality in the near-field directional responses to substrate-borne vibration directional responses to airborne sound directional hearing in the Orthoptesa distance. Part 10 Avoiding predation: the detection of predation evolutionary strategies in response to birds and parasitoids calling strategies that reduce predation. Part II The evolution of acoustic communication: sexual differences in calling switching signals and changing meanings dual auditory function in acoustic moths the evolution of social signals conclusion.