Biological control of Pacific mites and Willamette mites in San Joaquin Valley vineyards: part III. Role of tydeid mites

Abstract

Summary In the absence of spider mites, tydeids ( Pronematus anconai Baker and Pronematus ubiquitus [ Mc Gregor ]) may serve as alternate prey to maintain good numbers of the predatory mite, Metaseiulus occidentalis ( Nesbitt ) (Acarina, Phytoseiidae), late in the season. This late‐season predator and alternate prey relationship is necessary to stabilize Pacific mite populations and perpetuate balance in San Joaquin Valley vineyards. Thriving laboratory colonies of tydeids were reared on a diet of windblown pollens, including cattail pollen ( Typha sp., Typhaceae) and bottlebrush pollen ( Melaleuca sp., Myrtaceae). M. occidentalis was successfully reared on a diet of tydeids and ovipositing predator females were obtained. In addition, pollen dusted on grapevines significantly increased both tydeid and indirectly M. occidentalis populations late in the season. These studies suggest that artificially disseminating cattail pollen or manipulating good pollen producing flora in and around vineyards may be used to correct situations where Pacific mites have become serious pests.