Influence of the liquid carbazole concentration on charge trapping in C60 sensitized photorefractive polymers

Abstract

We study by two-beam coupling experiments the photorefractive properties of a poly(Nvinylcarbazole) (PVK) matrix plasticized with different concentrations of 9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole (EHCz), so-called liquid carbazole, and doped with the photosensitizer C60 and the electro-optic push-pull chromophore 4-piperidinobenzylidene malonitrile. The steady state and dynamic photorefractive performances of these materials are optimized by tuning the concentration ratio between PVK and EHCz. In parallel, the trap density values are determined by a spectroscopic method based on the strong absorption of the C60− anion in the near infrared region and are compared with those obtained from the photorefractive measurements. The results obtained from both techniques are in good agreement and show the important role played by the liquid carbazole in the charge trapping processes and the photorefractive properties of C60 sensitized photorefractive polymers.