Comparative Effectiveness of 18F-FDG PET/CT Versus Whole-Body MRI for Detection of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Abstract

Both PET/CT and whole-body MRI may distinguish benign and malignant PNSTs, but PET/CT has higher sensitivity for that purpose. Imaging-based criteria for identification of MPNSTs on both modalities were identified. False-positive results, requiring biopsy or clinical follow-up, may be reduced by using a combination of MRI and PET derived markers, but only at the price of reduced sensitivity.