Synthesis of novel 1‐phenyl‐1<i>H</i>‐indole‐2‐carboxylic Acids. <b>I.</b> Utilization of ullmann and dieckmann reactions for the preparation of 3‐hydroxy, 3‐alkoxy, and 3‐alkyl derivatives

Abstract

Abstract Methods for the synthesis of novel 3‐hydroxy, 3‐alkoxy, and 3‐alkyl indole‐2‐carboxylic acids and esters are described. Dieckmann cyclization of various 2‐[(carboxymethyl)amino]benzoic acid diesters yielded 1‐unsubstituted‐, 1‐methyl‐, and 1‐phenyl‐3‐hydroxy‐1 H ‐indole‐2‐carboxylic acid esters. An Ullmann reaction with bromobenzene converted 1 H ‐indoles to 1‐phenylindoles.