Liquid-Filled Proportional Counter

Abstract

We report properties of single-wire proportional chambers and multiple-wire ionization chambers filled with liquid xenon. Proportional multiplication is seen for anode fields > ${10}^{6}$ V/cm (anode-cathode voltage >1 kV for a 3.5-\ensuremath{\mu}m-diam anode wire). The efficiency for detecting ionizing radiation is \ensuremath{\cong}100%. The time resolution of the chambers is \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$ sec. We attained a spatial resolution of \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}15 \ensuremath{\mu}m with a multiwire ionization chamber, considerably better than that of any other real-time particle detector.