Serum Sodium Levels and Patient Outcomes in an Ambulatory Clinic-Based Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort

Abstract

CKD patients with Na(+) ≤135 mEq/l were at a higher risk for progression to ESRD, whereas both lower and higher Na(+) levels were associated with a higher risk of mortality. While caring for CKD patients, greater attention to serum sodium levels by clinicians is warranted and could potentially help improve patient outcomes.