Intravesical pH: a potentially important variable affecting efficacy and the further development of anthracycline chemotherapy for superficial bladder cancer

Abstract

Buffering epirubicin to an alkaline pH before intravesical application should increase its intrinsic cytotoxicity. The potential for synergy at certain drug combinations will be enhanced by applying these findings. MDR reversal and fatty acid augmentation of drug uptake are discussed as examples.