Influence of the Chemical Structure of Functional Monomers on Their Adhesive Performance

TLDR

Functional monomers enhance adhesive bonding by improving wetting, demineralization, and calcium chemical bonding. The study examined whether minor structural variations in functional monomers increase bonding effectiveness. Three phosphonate monomers (HAEPA, EAEPA, MAEPA) and 10‑MDP were tested in four cements differing only by monomer, with microtensile bond strength measured and calcium salt dissolution rates quantified by atomic absorption spectrophotometry to assess chemical bonding potential. Higher bond strength correlated with lower calcium salt dissolution, indicating that adhesive performance depends on the functional monomer’s chemical structure.

Abstract

Functional monomers in adhesive systems can improve bonding by enhancing wetting and demineralization, and by chemical bonding to calcium. This study tested the hypothesis that small changes in the chemical structure of functional monomers may improve their bonding effectiveness. Three experimental phosphonate monomers (HAEPA, EAEPA, and MAEPA), with slightly different chemical structures, and 10-MDP (control) were evaluated. Adhesive performance was determined in terms of microtensile bond strength of 4 cements that differed only for the functional monomer. Based on the Adhesion-Decalcification concept, the chemical bonding potential was assessed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry of the dissolution rate of the calcium salt of the functional monomers. High bond strength of the adhesive cement corresponded to low dissolution rate of the calcium salt of the respective functional monomer. The latter is according to the Adhesion-Decalcification concept, suggestive of a high chemical bonding capacity. We conclude that the adhesive performance of an adhesive material depends on the chemical structure of the functional monomer.