Alzheimer's disease and outdoor space: Issues in environmental design

Abstract

As special care units for individuals with Alzheimer's disease become established, there is a growing interest in creating outdoor space to complement the interior program. At present, little information exists concerning appropriate design principles for outdoor spaces. This paper discusses the design implications for outdoor environments based upon the changes in physical and mental abilities that are associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease. Methods of compensating for limited physical and mental capabilities are explored, including the provision of prosthetic supports and orientation aids to increase an individual's independence and sense of well being.