Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induces Endothelial Dysfunction in Lepr ^db Mice

Abstract

Advanced glycation end products/receptor of advanced glycation end products and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling play pivotal roles in TNF expression through an increase in circulating and/or local vascular TNF production in the Lepr(db) mouse with type 2 diabetes. Increases in TNF expression induce activation of NAD(P)H oxidase and production of reactive oxidative species, leading to endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.